Remote Sensing techniques become potential and indispensable tools for solving
many problems of civil engineering.
Remote sensing observations
provides data on earth’s resources in a spatial format, so as to use it in
various fields of civil engineering.
Different themes namely, terrain, geology, hydrology drainage, land use
and so on can be extracted from remote sensing data. All the above thematic
information along with their attributes can be integrated to solve many
problems of civil engineering. Some current uses of Remote Sensing in civil projects are housing,
sanitation, power water supply, disposal
of effluents, urban growth, irrigation project design and planning, new road
alignment etc. For this Remote sensing is used to generate development models
by integrating the information on natural resources, Landslides in mountainous
areas causing heavy loss can also be mapped and landslide prone zones can also
be delineated. Other uses are Exploration and Management through Rainwater
Harvesting, Identification & Management of Drinking Water Potential, Ground
water Potential Zoning, Watershed Management and obligation Network Planning
and tourism. These techniques are also vital tools for urban and rural
developing planning.
INTRODUCTION
Remote Sensing is the
science and art of acquiring information (spectral, spatial, and temporal)
about material, objects, area, or phenomenon, without coming into physical
Contact with the objects, or area, or phenomenon under investigation. Without
direct contact, some means of transferring information through space must be
utilized. In practice, remote sensing is the stand-off collection through the
use of a variety of devices for gathering information on a given object or
area. . In remote sensing, information transfer is accomplished by use of
electromagnetic radiation (EMR). EMR is a form of energy that reveals its
presence by the observable effects it produces when it strikes the matter. EMR
is considered to span the spectrum of wavelengths from 10- 10 mm to cosmic rays up to 1010 nm, the
broadcast wavelengths, which extend from 0.30-15mm.
Remote sensing tool can
be used to study things on all scales ranging from the smaller within the atom
to the universe as a whole. while remote sensing tools are often associated
with researchers and scientists who conduct scientific inquiry .
The common man also
practices natural remote sensing in his day to day life in one form or other.
While reading the book ever we utilize the principles of remote sensing. In
this case our eyes are the sensor that respond to the lite reflected from the
words. The impulses corresponding to the light reflected from the dark and
bright areas in the page are the signals or data being gathered by our eyes.
These data are analyzed by our mental computer to interpret the meaning
contained in the letters, words and sentences. The human eye-brain system may
be considered as one of the most advanced end to end remote sensing systems,
but it can collect only the information brought to it by the visible light
which is a very small part of band width of the electromagnetic spectrum.
